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  • Gamma-linolenic acid (GLA) is an omega-6 fatty acid used by the body to produce prostanoid substances such as prostaglandin E1 (PGE1). These substances are known to have a balancing effect on production of 2-series prostanoids associated with immune system activation, blood viscosity and smooth muscle irritability (Arthritis Rheum 1990;33:1526-33).
  • GLA is normally produced in the body from linoleic acid. However, this process may be impaired due to aging, health problems, inadequate micronutrients and dietary excesses of saturated and hydrogenated fats (J Holistic Med 1981;3:118-39).
  • Borage seed oil is the richest source of GLA, containing 20-26% GLA, whereas evening primrose oil contains only 9% GLA.
  • Borage oil has been found useful for preserving the health and comfortable function of joint structures in controlled clinical trials (Arthritis Rheum 1996;39:1808-17; Ann Intern Med 1993;119:867-73).
  • Sources of GLA support optimal nerve function in the distal extremities (Diabet Med 1990;7:319-23).
  • GLA supplementation may also be helpful for maintaining normal tissue consistency in the breasts of premenopausal women (Aust N Z J Surg 1999;69:492-4; Lancet 1985;ii:373-7).